SCIENTISTS are exploring the use of mobile polliniser units to improve cross-pollination in netted apple orchards.
The trial from Hort Innovation is being done in partnership with the University of Adelaide.
Throughout the past 14 months, scientists have been working with apple growers in the Adelaide Hills as part of the project, which aims to solve the challenges involved in using honey bees to cross-pollinate in undercover settings.
The trial has involved placing potted polliniser trees on the tray top of a slow-moving vehicle.
Results are showing honey bees have been using the trees as a 'bridge' to traverse between rows in the orchard and in doing so inadvertently picking up the right pollen required for cross-pollination.
Hort Innovation research and development manager Ashley Zamek said the use of protected cropping in Australia was on the rise because it offered growers the opportunity to exercise more control on the growing environment, so this research had never been more important.
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"This research, which is taking place in apple orchards under netting, has shown that honey bees are not moving as far and effectively as they do in the field," she said.
"Apple production requires deposits of pollen from a different variety of flowers.
"Reduced honey bee activity means less pollen delivery, which in turn, lowers fruit set and quality.
"This research is exciting because it may pave the way for the effective use of motorised or robotic pollinator units in the future, alongside managed honey bees."
University of Adelaide project lead Katja Hogendoorn said the results from the first year of data collected from the trial were promising but the research was still in the early stages with further testing required to assess the effects on fruit set.
"Once the concept has been proven we will fine-tune it further by investigating the number of polliniser trees required for optimal pollination, and the number of polliniser units needed in the orchard," she said.
This project, Novel technologies and practices for the optimisation of pollination within protected cropping environments, is being delivered through Hort Innovation with funding from the Australian government Department of Agriculture and the Environment as part of its Rural R&D for Profit program.
The NSW Department of Primary Industries, the University of Tasmania, Plant and Food Research and the University of New England are also involved in the three-year research effort, which is due for completion in March 2023.
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